Sunday, October 26, 2014

Writing Task 1 : describe percentages

http://ielts-simon.com/ielts-help-and-english-pr/2014/10/ielts-writing-task-1-percentages.html

Write a single sentence to describe percentages, put it at the beginning or at the end:

Beginning: 6% of single aged people were living in poverty.

End: The level of poverty among single aged people stood at 6%.

Add a comparison:

Beginning: 6% of single aged people were living in poverty, compared to only 4% of aged couples.

End: The level of poverty among single aged people stood at 6%, whereas the figure for aged couples was only 4%.


Use the above question as an example:

In 2003, 36% of online sales were related to travelling.
The level of travelling online sales stood at 36% in 2003.

In 2003, 24% of online sales were digital products, like film and music.
The level of purchasing film and music online stood at 24% in 2003.

In 2013, 33% of total online sales were the category of film and music.

The level of buying clothes online stood at 16% in 2013.

Add comparison:

In 2003, 36% of online sales were related to travelling, which accounted for the most proportion in this year. The second was buying clothes standing at 24%, whereas the figures for film/music and books were lowest in this year that were close to each other about 21% and 19%, respectively.

Saturday, October 18, 2014

speaking 1 - 'house or apartment'

http://ielts-simon.com/

1. Do you live in a house or an apartment?
I live in an apartment with two bedrooms in a suburb of Melbourne. I've lived there for over two years.

2. Which is your favourite room in your home? Why?
I don't really have a favourite room. But if I had to choose, I'd say the living room because that's where I go to sit and relax.

living room
dining room
bedroom
kitchen
balcony

3. Would you change anything about your home? Why / why not? 
Yes, I've been meaning to redecorate it since I moved in two years ago. It needs a new kitchen, so that's what I'd change first.

4. Would you like to move to a different home in the future? 
Yes, I'd definitely move again at some point if I could afford to. I'd like to live in the countryside, or maybe in a different city or country.

Tuesday, October 14, 2014

Business education: Banks? No, thanks!

http://www.economist.com/news/business/21623673-graduates-worlds-leading-business-schools-investment-banking-out-and-consulting

the world's leading business schools

investment banking

consulting and technology firms

a breed apart = a sort or kind or person that is very different from the norm

a master race of dealmakers

He possessed vast, almost unimaginable talent and ambitions.

most talented graduates

a situation still held true as the financial crisis struck in 2007.

land a job in finance

a meagre %5

elite business schools

take a low share

have culled the recruitment schemes

hired swathes of associates straight from business schools

recruiting the brightest undergraduates

, in the belief that ...

is more productive and better value

to develop cohorts of junior analysis in-house

rather than those with fixed ideas honed on expensive MBA programmes.

enthusiasm

Once, they wanted nothing more than to climb a bank's greasy polew,
with the vast riches this promised.

regulation has stunted bankers' bonuses

MBAs increasingly seek the flexibility to switch careers within a few years.

expect long-term loyalty

do a spell in banking

, whereas students see them as "a stepping stone into private equity or a hedge fund".

there has been a revival in business-school graduates' interest in working as consultants.

the number has risen from ... to ... over the same period.

be in vogue

the newly minted MBA

It attracts the strongest candidates and it gives the firms a high-powered network of alumni who may become future clients.

the exposure to different industries

the access to senior managers

a perfect base

offer the financial rewards

breadheads

higher pay was their most important consideration

to open new career opportunities

personal development

sceptics

reckon

forgone salary

Another big beneficiary of MBAs' loss of interest in banking is the technology industry.

The proportion of ... landing jobs at technology firms has risen from ... since. 

Many students want to be part of an entrepreneurial environment and make an impact, to feel they are building and shaping something.

the growing number of students

sth. appeals to sb.

gain the right experience to start their own business

non-bank financial-services sector

Five years ago it was rare for such places to recruit MBAs straight from campuses. Instead they would often poach talent from the banks.

to build formal recruiting ties with such firms.

a PE or venture-capital firm

Students from other backgrounds are also attracted by the dynamic atmosphere these outfits offer.

PE appealed to him and his peers over banking because the firms are smaller and the work more entrepreneurial and hands-on.

self-fulfillment is indeed the priority of

to do some serious rebranding.

the corporate culture

Added to this, ...

a sense of moral purpose

to build careers that have a positive impact on the world around them, such as running ethical-investment funds or corporate-social-responsibility programmes.

running campaigns

urge sb. to do sth.

believe media stories portraying them as greedy or evil.

to lure recruits

you can help make the world a better place/ you can make a difference in the world.

take a tougher line on sexual harassment of female staff (=take a hard/firm line on/against sb/sth)
采取强硬路线

advocate a healthier work-life balance

allow the odd work-free Saturday

For the business schools' brightest and best, though, all this may not be enough.

CCTV in public places

From http://ielts-simon.com/

Do you think that having video cameras in public places is a good idea?

- invades pravicy
- safety of the community
- invading every part of your life
- prosecutions with CCTV evidence
- crime prevention
- financial and privacy costs
- intrusion
- feel safer
- protection
- an excuse to have fewer police officers

For CCTV (closed-circult television)
Against CCTV

Sunday, October 12, 2014

a word 'paraphrase'

paraphrase (verb & noun)

= to express what somebody has said or written using different words, especially in order to make it easier to understand

> Try to paraphrase the question before you answer it.


Friday, October 10, 2014

Guitar


GUITAR

+ I'd like to express myself in music.
+ I can sing with my guitar for others.
+ After playing guitar, I make more friends.

Monday, October 6, 2014

writing tips to achieve IELTS 7

1. Budget your time carefully. 合理安排时间
2. Write on the topic exactly as it is given. 审题
3. Brainstorm 头脑风暴
4. Plan your essay before you write. 写之前计划好文章结构
5. Be sure your handwriting is as clear and legible as possible. 字迹清晰
6. Follow a clear, logical organization. 结构清晰,有条理
7. Use concrete examples and specific reasons. 具体的例子和原因
8. Use signal words to indicate transitions. 使用连接词过渡
9. Use a variety of sentence types. 句式多样
10. Check your essay for errors. 检查错误

Sunday, October 5, 2014

word "certain"

Notice
certain of

Look up
certain (adj.)
1. that you can rely on to happen or to be true
- The climbers face certain death if the rescue today is unsuccessful.

* certain (that) ...
- It is certain that they will agree.

* certain to do sth.
- She looks certain to win an Oscar.
- They are certain to agree.

* certain of sth./ of doing sth
- If you want to be certain of getting a ticket, book now.

2. firmly believing sth; having no doubts
- She wasn't certain he had seen her.

* certain of/ about sth.
- Are you absolutely certain about this?

* certain who/where, etc...
- I'm not certain who was there.

* To my certain knowledge, he was somewhere else at the time. (= I am sure about it)

3. used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it or them
- For centain personal reasons I shall not be able to attend.
- Certain people might disagree with this.
- They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.

4. slight; noticeable, but difficult to describe
- That's true, to a certain extent.
- I felt there was a certain coldness (lack of emotion/unfriendliness) in her manner.

certain (pronoun)
* certain of ... (formal) = used for talking about some members of a group of people or things without giving their names
- Certain of those present were unwilling to discuss the matter further.

IDIOMS
* for certain = without doubt
- I can't say for certain when we'll arrive.

* make certain (that...) = to find out whether something is definitely true
- I think there's a bus at 8 but you'd better call to make certain.

* make certain of sth/ of doing sth. = to do sth. in order to be sure that sth. else will happen
- You'll have to leave soon to make certain of getting there on time.

* of a certain age = if you talk about a person being of a certain age, you mean that they are no longer young but not yet old
- The show appeals to an audience of a certain age.

Use
Our city cannot produce certain of fruits and vegetables.
I am certain that her flight will take off at 7pm.
You'd better talk with your friends to make certain that there is a party tonight.
This game can only be played by children in a certain of age.

Saturday, October 4, 2014

20111210 Human activities v.s. plants and animal species

Human activities have negative effect on plants and animal species. Some people think that it is too late to do anything about this problem. Other people believe that effective measures can be taken to improve this situation. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

keywords: human activities, plants & animal species

why is it too late? 
- Some environmental damages are permanent. 
- the increasing world population is putting pressure on natural resources, fossil fuels like oil and gas are running out. 
- tourism, we are destroying wildlife habitats, their living places have been transformed to tourist attractions for the purpose of earning money. 
- cut down enormous areas of rainforest, this has led to the extinction of many species of animals and plants. 

Some permanent damages have been made by human beings, which are not able to be recovered. The increasing world population is putting pressure on natural resources, for example, fossil fuels like oil and gas are running out. These resources are non-renewable energy sources. Also, we are destroying many wildlife habitats, which have been transformed into tourist attractions for the purpose of earning money. Further, governments and factories have cut down enormous areas of rainforest. They are removing plants in order to make a way for new buildings and roads, and these activities are forcing animals to move into unknown places that are difficult to survive. This has led to the extinction of many species of animals and plants. 

Some effective measures can improve this situation. 
- introduce laws, limit emissions from factories
- reduce the use of packaging, decrease the amount of household waste
- take public transport rather than driving our own cars
- recycle and reuse useful materials

20110122 'crime' topic

Nowadays some individuals behave in an anti-society way, such as committing a crime. In general, it is the society to blame. What causes the anti-social behaviours of individuals? Who should be responsible for dealing with it?


20110115 'gender equality in workplace'

The workplace nowadays is trying to employ the equal number of females and males.
Do you think it is a positive or negative trend?

Paragraph 1:
- Today, many companies are making their effort to hire men and women in the similar or same number of employees.
- In my view, while I accept that there are a lot of benefits of doing this, I think that the problems of gender equality are still not solved by the way that ensures the equality in quantity.

Paragraph 2: positive
-

Paragraph 3: negative
- Glass ceiling

Paragraph 4:
- Paraphrasing my view

The word "afraid"

Notice
弄清楚afraid的用法

Look up
afraid (adjective)
1. feeling fear; frightened because you think that you might be hurt or suffer

- Don't be afraid!

* afraid of somebody or something
- It's all over. There's nothing to be afraid of now. 
- Are you afraid of spiders? 

* afraid of doing something
- I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night. 

* afraid to do sth.
- She was afraid to open the door. 

2. worried about what might happen
- She was afraid of upsetting her parents.
- Tamsin was afraid of making a fool of herself. (make a fool of someone or oneself)

- Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand. 
- The boy wasn't afraid to say what he believed. 

- We were afraid (that) we were going to capsize (overturn) the boat. 

3. afraid for sb. or sth. = worried or frightened that sth unpleasant, dangerous, etc. will happen to a particular person or thing
- I am not afraid for me, but for the baby. 
- They had already fired three people and he was afraid for his job. 

IDIOMS
* I'm afraid = used as a polite way of telling somebody something that is unpleasant or disappointing, or that you are sorry about
- I can't help you, I'm afraid. 
- I'm afraid we can't come. 
- I'm afraid that it's not finished yet
- He's no better, I'm afraid to say. 
- 'Is there any left?' 'I'm afraid not.'
- 'Will it hurt?' 'I'm afraid so.'

Use
- I am afraid of taking the IELTS exam again. 
- He is afraid of attending formal functions. 
- I am afraid to talk with strangers in social activities. 
- Her supervisor is very strict, so she is afraid for her PhD conversion. 
- I am afraid that she can't come to our group meeting on Thursday. 


Improve vocabulary repertoire

http://ielts-simon.com/ 学习笔记

Notice 注意
学到"resort to"这个短语。

Look up 查找
resort (n.)
resort to something
= the act of using something, especially something bad or unpleasant, because nothing else is possible

resort (v.)
resort to something
= to make use of something, especially something bad, as a means of achieving something, often because there is no other possible solution

Use 使用
There are hopes that the conflict can be resolved without resort to violence. (n.)
They felt obliged to resort to violence. (v.)
We may have to resort to using untrained staff. (resort to doing something)
Many stores have resorted to cutting prices. (same above)

Friday, October 3, 2014

Speaking Part 1: house or apartment?

Do you live in a house or an apartment? 
I'm now living in an apartment, which is a not very tall building and it has four floors. Each floor has four or five apartments.


Which is your favourite room in your home? Why?
My favourite room is my bedroom, which is very large and spacious. It has a nice window to see the outside view and every morning the sunshine goes through this window to brighten my entire room. 

Would you change anything about your home? Why / why not?
If I had a chance to change my home, I would decorate my kitchen more beautiful and clean. This makes you have a good mood to cook. Also, I would hope to buy a nice oven and put it into my kitchen, because the one now in my kitchen is too old and sometimes it doesn't work well. 

Would you like to move to a different home in the future?
Yes, I would. My current home is a small apartment, which is close to my university because I want save daily transport fee. But, when I have a family, I would like to move to a nice house in a suburb, which has all kinds of facilities such as schools, markets, and hospitals. 

diary/diaries 日记
dairy/daries 乳制品